The Eradication Of Cancer And Cancer Essay - 1118 Words

1.1. Introduction Eradication of cancer is one of the key challenges for medicine in the 21st century, breast cancer being the most common type of cancer in women, worldwide (Arteaga and Baselga, 2012, Vidal et al., 2012 and Weinstein et al., 1997).Breast cancers are classified on the basis of expression of hormone receptors i.e., Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor and HER2. The subtypes are as follows: †¢ Luminal tumors (HR +) †¢ HER2 amplified tumors †¢ Triple negative breast cancer tumors (TNBC) Approximately, 10-15% of breast cancer cases are accounted by triple negative breast cancer. These tumors are characterized by the absence of ER, PR and HER2. Chemotherapy, therefore, is the only systemic option for patients with TNBC. (Twelves C et al, 2016 and Banerji et al.,2012) 1.2. Comparison of 2D and 3D (spheroid) cancer models on the basis of their drug screening ability Several studies have shown the use of 2D cancer models to identify the efficacy of a particular drug. However, these cancer models have limited predictive value to show a realistic stimulation of in vivo tumor microenvironment. This is due to large differences in physiological conditions as well as morphology between 2D cancer models and in vivo tumors. Factors such as therapy resistance, drug transport and binding, cell invasion and migration of tumors cannot be effectively studied in vitro with the use of these cancer models. Hence, selecting a clinically active drug is a challenging task when 2DShow MoreRelatedTobaccos Harmful Effects, Health and Economic Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pagesand Malaria combined, according to International Union Against Cancer. This addicting drug can in fact end up giving the user a death sentence. As the body grows older, the DNA atoms can be mutated by this seemingly harmless plant. This mutation of cells can eventually spread and the user will end up with a body full of cancer. 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